3rd International Congress on Cranial and Facial Bone Distraction Processes 2001 DISTRACTION ODYSSEY   (Paris, France, June 14-16, 2001)   Editors: E. Arnaud, P.A. Diner

Foreword

Dear Colleagues: I thank you very much for your participation in the 3rd International Congress of Craniofacial and Maxillofacial Distraction in Paris, from June 14-16th, 2001.

There is no doubt that distraction of the hard and soft tissues is an indispensable method to treat deformities in children, as well as in adults. From its initial application to the mandible, the process has been extended to almost every bone in the craniofacial skeleton, from the skull vault to the alveolar crest.

A wide range of specialists, all involved in the treatment of some part of the cephalic extremity accepted to participate in what is certainly a genuine multidisciplinary event. All of us have been asked to report on good as well as bad results, because we learn from the complications, too.

Compared to the two previous meetings organized with great success by my friend, Patrick Diner, the number of papers presented this year increased, and we also decided to include in the Proceedings the papers corresponding to poster presentations. 

Once again, whatever your specialty: research, oral and maxillofacial surgery, orthodontics, otolaryngology, neurosurgery, or plastic craniofacial surgery – we thank you for your contribution toward good functional and aesthetic results. 

Special thanks to Monduzzi Editore for helping us make the 2001 Distraction Odyssey meeting a truly great scientific event. 

Eric Arnaud, M.D. Congress Chairman

Index

New Developments in Craniofacial Distraction
P.J. Bouletreau, S.M. Warren, M.F. Paccione, J.A. Greenwald, N.S. Nijher, F.J. Kummer, R.Z. LeGeros, B.H. Grayson, J.G. McCarthy, E.G. Loboa, D.R. Carter and M.T. Longaker 

Tissue Engineering in Bone Surgery
M. Ueda

Distraction Osteogenesis with Bone Morphogenetic Protein Enhancement in the Extension of Edentulous Alveolar Bone
M. Chin, P.J. Boyne and L.F. Eftimie

Matrix Metalloproteinases and Their Inhibitors in Bone Remodelling Following Distraction Osteogenesis of the Sheep Mandible
D. Marucci, Y. Yu, J. McTavish, F. Bonar, M. Poole and W. Walsh 

Biomechanics of Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis
B. Safa, D. Kahn, H.P. Lorenz, J.H. Heegaard, J. Kosek and S.A. Schendel 

Manipulation of Callus After Linear Distraction - Final Results of Short Term And Long Term Effects After Major Angulation Procedures of the Mandible in a Canine Model
C. Kunz, N. Adolphs, P. Buescher, B. Rahn and B. Hammer 

Understanding the Molecular Mechanisms Governing Distraction Osteogenesis
M.T. Longaker, S.M. Warren, B.J. Mehrara and P.J. Bouletreau

Miniaturized Mechatronic Distraction Plate for Unidirectional Internal Distraction – Technical Concepts, Design Features and Preliminary Experimental Results
M. Kremer, M. Butsch, M. Schnell, D. Genecov and K. Salyer

Numerical Testing of Regenerate Stability in Distraction Osteogenesis
U. Meyer, H.P. Wiesmann, J. Piffko, J. Handschel, J. Kleinheinz, U. Joos and T. Meyer 

Implication of Bone Regeneration in Jaw Bone
M. Suzuki

The Cologne Concept on Vertical Distraction Osteogenesis
J. Hidding, F. Lazar and J.E. Zoeller

Alveolar Distraction Osteogenesis with Endosseous Devices in 175 Cases
M. Chin

Distraction 0f the Alveolar Crest
G.M. Raghoebar, R.B.S. Liem, P.J. Schoen and A. Vissink

Results of Vertical Alveolar Distraction
F.B.T. Perdijk and P.J. van Strijen

Treatment of Localized Alveolar Bone Defects Using Distraction Osteogenesis
R. Bernini, G. Lombardo and G. Urbani

Vertical Distraction of the Mandible Using a New Distraction Device: The Verona Experience
P.F. Nocini, K. Wangerin, M. Albanese, A. D’Agostino, D. De Santis, D. Bertossi and A. Bedogni

Alveolar Distraction Using the ACE Osteogenic Distractor
B. McAllister

Correction of Growth-related Implant Malposition by Multidimensional Osteodistraction
W. Zechner, T. Bernhart, K. Zauza and G. Watzek

Alveolar Distraction Osteogenesis: Is the Process Improvable?
U. Consolo, C. Bertoldi, P. Bellini and D. Zaffe

Alveolar Distraction Osteogenesis and Vector Control – A Preliminary Report
A. Herford, F. Audia and S. Stucki-McCormick

The Verona Safety Device. A New Mini-distractor to Optimise Implant Position Towards Dental Prosthesis
P.F. Nocini, D. De Santis, G.P. Bertele’, M. Albanese and K. Wangerin

Immediate Loading Into Distracted Bone: Report of a Case
M. Degidi, C. Marchetti, F. Pieri and A. Piattelli

Mandibular Alveolar Distraction in Bone Defect after Trauma: A Case Report
M. Galiè, E. Sarti, and L. Clauser

Alveolar Ridge Augmentation by a One-Piece Distraction Screw: Preliminary Case Reports
J. Poukens, J. Haex and D. Riediger

Distraction Osteogenesis of the Alveolar Process: the "New" Preprosthetic Surgery
A. Bianchi, M. Degidi, L. Gentile, A. Piattelli and R. Cocchi

Alveolar Distraction of the Lateral Segment For a Patient With a Cleft Using Intra-Oral Devices
Y. Sato, T. Kusakabe, T. Kajii, T. Okamoto, J. Iida, K. Kawashima, H.H. Igawa and T. Sugihara

Distraction Histogenesis: Effect of Intraoral Widening on Gingival and Periodontal Ligament
W. Bell, M. Gonzalez, C. Guerrero and M. Samchukov

Widening of the Alveolar Ridge for Preparation of Implant Sites by Alveolar Ridge Distraction
A. Gaggl, G. Schultes and H. Kärcher

Radiographic Classification of Distraction Bone Regenerate
M.L. Samchukov and J.B. Cope

3-D CT Evaluation in Mandibular Distraction
C.E. Huisinga-Fischer, J.J. van der Meulen, J.M. Vaandrager and B. Prahl-Andersen 

Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis: Strain-Related Bone Remodeling for Complex Anomalies in Orthognathic Surgery
K. Smolka, U. Meyer, U. Joos and J. Kleinheinz

Distraction Osteogenesis of the Mandible: Evaluation of Callus Distraction Using the B-Scan Ultrasonography
P.F. Nocini, K. Wangerin, M. Albanese, A. D’Agostino, A. Fior and K. Sauckel

Psychological Effects of Distraction on Children and Adolescents With a Craniofacial Anomaly
C. Tanguy, P.A. Diner, C. Tomat, H. Martinez, V. Soupre and M.P. Vazquez 

Computer Aided Cranio-Maxillofacial Distraction
A. Schramm, N.-C. Gellrich, A. Stricker, R. Schön,
R. Gutwald and R. Schmelzeisen

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Normal Lateral Pterygoid Muscles in Brachyfacial, Mesofacial and Dolichofacial Adults
V. Leggitt, A. Beress, J. Caruso, E. Christiansen and B. Holshouser

Internal Distraction in Neonates, Treatment of Obstructive Apnea
K.S. Smith

A Device to Simplify Pin Insertion in the Mandible of Infants
F. Ortiz Monasterio, F. Molina and F. Fajardo

The Utrecht Three-Directional Intra-Oral Submucosal Distractor
A. Wittkampf, F. Schutyser and J. van Cleynenbreugel

A Preliminary Report on the Use of Semi-Buried curvilinear Distractor in the Human Mandible
S. Schendel, D. Kahn, D. Linck, II and E. Hopkins

Intraoral Bidirectional Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis
D.A. Walker, C.R. Forrest, I.A. Nish and B. Tompson

Mandibular Remodeling: The Fifth Stage in Distraction Osteogenesis Healing
C. Guerrero, W. Bell and M. Gonzalez

Sagittal Distraction of the Mandible: A Technique for Nerve Preservation and Condylar Axis Stability
J.J. Moses and L.G. Vega

Intraoral Rotational Distraction: A solution to Malocclusion Caused by Mandibular Distraction
M. Mitsugi, R.E. Alcalde, T. Takenobu, T. Fujisawa, Y. Furuki, I. Yamada, K. Kawakami and H. Hirose

Mandibular Distraction. Brazilian Experience on Distraction 6 Years
N. Alonso and R. Freitas

A Novel Semi-Buried Curvilinear Osteodistractor for the Mandible
S.A. Schendel, B. Safa and D. Kahn

The Analysis of Effect on the Mandibular Ramus Distraction
I. Matsuno, Y. Nodera, K. Ohmori, T. Akizuki and M. Kurakata

Comparison of Body Ramus and Sagittal Ramus Osteotomies for use in Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis
D.A. Walker and I.A. Nish

Mandibular Advancement With Monodirectional Intraoral Device, and Contemporary Floating Bone Technique. Case Report
G. Pedretti, S. Scotti and G. Bertani

Evaluation of Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function During Distraction Osteogenesis in Cats
H. Yoshimoto, M. Nakajima, K. Kakudo and Y. Nishikawa

Simultaneous Distraction Osteogenesis of the Mandible and Maxilla Just With Internal Devices in Hemifacial Microsomia
H.H. Igawa, K. Kawashima, T. Sugihara, Y. Sato and J. Iida

Reconstruction of Mandibular Defects by Buried Bidirectional Distraction Osteogenesis
D.A. Walker and I.A. Nish

Simultaneous Intraoral Rotational Distraction Osteogenesis of the Maxillo-mandibular Complex for Treatment of Treacher-Collins Syndrome With Sleep Apnea
T. Takenobu, M. Mitsugi, T. Yamanouchi, R.E. Alcalde and M. Furutani

Orthodontics in Maxillofacial Distraction Osteogenesis
C. Tomat, P.A. Diner, F. Zazurca, V. Soupre and M.P. Vazquez

Othodontics, TMJ, and Distraction
B. Melsen and T. Klit Pedersen

The Effects of Bidirectional Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis on the Temporomandibular Joint: A CT Scan Analysis
D.A. Walker

Temporomandibular Joint Arthroplasty and Mandibular Distraction
A. Pereira, A. Nunes, L. Cunha, C. Saad, J. Domingos and C. Momplé

Segmental Maxillary Distraction in Orthognatic Surgery
A. Emparanza

Rapid Orthodontic Movement of Teeth Through Mandibular Distraction Regenerate Zone Enhanced by Platelet-rich Plasma
M. Keenan, L. Landino and M. Whitesides

LEP-S/B x 3rd. Slow Sagittal Bilateral Expansion by Veltri for the Correction of the 3rd Classes in Definitive Dentition "Controlled Maxillary Distraction"
N. Veltri, C. Alicino, C. Scalfaro, C. Pozzi and F. Assandri

Maxillary Intraoral Distraction Osteogenesis
C.A. Guerrero

Distraction Osteogenesis in Cleft Palate Hypoplasia. Alternative Methods
L.A. Margaride, J. Breuer and H.F. Sala

Measuring Forces Developed During Maxillary Distraction Using Polley-Figueroa RED System
L. Mattei, P. Montoya, M. Bigorre, G. Captier, E. Peruchon and J.P. Micallef

Changes in Nasal Respiration After Midfacial Distraction Osteogenesis
Th. Hierl and A. Hemprich

Improving Transversal Deficiency in Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate by Distraction Osteogenesis
A.P. Zimmermann, R.A. Zwahlen, F.S. Fischer and K.W. Grätz

Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis and Gunshot Injuries
D. Labbé, H. Bénateau, E. Kaluzinski and P. Sabin

Mid-Facial Distraction With an Intra-Oral Trans-Sinusoidal Distractor
N. Nadjmi

Distraction Osteogenesis of the Maxilla and Midface. Long-term results in the Application of Buried and Extraoral Devices on the Three LeFort-Levels
J. Wiltfang, P. Kessler, S. Schultze-Mosgau, U. Hirschfelder and F.W. Neukam

Distraction of the Palate to Improve VPI
A. Bianchi, R. Giuliani, E. Galliani and F. Neri

Premaxillary Reconstruction by Osteogenic Distraction. About 3 Cases
E. Kaluzinski, H. Bénateau, D. Labbé and M. Mundreuil

Le Fort III Osteotomy with Distraction: Long-Term Follow-up of Nasal, Orbital and Midface Position
B.A. Toth and S.P. Daane

Internal Lefort III and Monobloc Distraction With Biodegradable Devices
S.R. Cohen and R.E. Holmes

Double Internal Distraction With Monobloc Advancement in Infants
E. Arnaud, D. Marchac and D. Renier

Distraction Osteogenesis for the Treatment of Craniosynostosis 
S. Kobayashi, T. Honda, M. Hayashi and K. Kashiwa

Spring Assisted Cranial Vault Distraction
J. Guimarães-Ferreira, F. Gewalli, L. David and C. Lauritzen

Le Fort 3 Osteotomy by Distraction: CT Scan Evaluation
M. Cedars, B. Toth, M. Chin and R. Cohen

Craniofacial Distraction In Bloc -Three Years Follow-up
P. Dogliotti, E. Nadal and J. Rodriguez

Improvement of Upper Airway Obstruction in Crouzon Syndrome by Facial Distraction
E. Mireau, E. Arnaud, E. Lajeunie, D. Marchac and D. Renier

Expander Elements in Strip Craniectomy – an Experimental Study 
F. Gewalli, J. Guimarães-Ferreira, G. Maltese and C. Lauritzen

Distraction Osteogenesis in Plagiocephaly
J.C. Rodríguez, and P. Dogliotti

Multiple Distraction of the Calvary in Craniosynostosis Multiple
P. Dogliotti, E. Nadal and J. Rodriguez

The Place of Distraction Osteogenesis in the Management Protocol For Craniosynostosis Syndromes
D.J. David

Le Fort III Advancement With a New Internal, Temporal Positioned Distractor
D. Riediger, S. Jänicke and J. Poukens

Reconstruction of Mandible with Fibula Flap and Dental Implant - Distracter (DI-D) –A New Procedure
C.-P. Zhang and Z.Y. Zhang

Reconstruction of Bone Discontinuity Defect by Continuous Distraction Osteogenesis
A. Ayoub, W. Richardson, D. Koppel, H. Thompson and J. Boyd

Primary Vertical Distraction in Microsurgical Osteocutaneous Fibula Transplants – Preliminary Cadaver Studies
F. Hoelzle, M. Kunkel, H. Eufinger, S.H. Gnoth, M.A. Konerding and K.-D. Wolff 

Vertical Distraction Osteogenesis of Fibula Free Flap in Mandibular Prosthetic Rehabilitation: Report of Two Cases
C. Marchetti, M. Degidi, F. Pieri and A. Piattelli

Distraction Osteogenesis of Free Vascularized Fibula Flap in Reconstructed Hemimandible Using Intraoral Distraction Device
P.F. Nocini, K. Wangerin, W. Kretschmer and M. Albanese

Reconstruction of Mandibular Bone Defects Using Segment Transfer Distractor
H. El-Mekkawi, M. Refai, M. El-Salanty and H. Refai

Transportation Osteogenesis for Reconstruction of Severe Facial Defects
L. Heffez, D. Johnson and M. Kirton

Maxillo-mandibular Reconstruction by Intraoral Bone Transport
C.A. Guerrero, W.H. Bell, M. Gonzalez and F. Figueroa

Bidirectional Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis for the Treatment of Goldenhar Variant of Hemifacial Microsomia: A Case Report
D.A. Walker

Advantages and Disadvantages of Conventional Vesus Distraction Treatment for Class II Correction
P.J. van Strijen, H. Breuning, F.B.T. Perdijk and D.B. Tuinzing

Maxillofacial Distraction Versus Osteotomy: Which One Is More Indicated?
Lim K. Cheung

Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis – The Key to a Good Looking Face?
C. Klein

Dysplasies Oto-Mandibulaires Place de la Chirurgie Orthognathique Conventionnelle et de la Greffe Costale Otomandibular Dysplasias: Indications for Conventional Osteotomies and Costochondral Graft
J.-F. Tulasne