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EDITORIAL

This volume contains a substantial amount of the free communications that have been presented during the 6th World Congress on Trauma, Shock, Inflammation and Sepsis - Pathophysiology, Immune Consequences and Therapy (TSIS 2004), which was held for the first time in conjunction with the 5th International Congress on Shock under the auspices of the International Federation of Shock Societies.

We have seen enormous scientific progress within the past 4 years, since the last World Congress on TSIS had been held also in Munich at the beginning of the new millennium. In particular, new methods in the field of molecular biology and genetics have been introduced within the complex research of trauma, shock and inflammation. These novel techniques should help to develop new therapeutic strategies for critically ill patients. Therefore the major theme of this year’s congress has been named - Trauma, Inflammation and Organ Dysfunction in the Era of the Genome. The human and mouse genome sequencing projects are nearly completed. The technology necessary to harness the power of genome-wide molecular profiling is rapidly evolving and soon will be available to all researchers who study critical illness and injury. However, new opportunities create new challenges. In particular, the difficulty of mining and correctly interpreting these huge data sets is daunting. The 2004 congress provided the ideal venue to learn about the promise of functional genomics, the limitations of rapidly evolving technology, and the application of complex system strategies to evaluate integrated genome-wide data sets.

Beyond that major theme, the conference has been covering numerous topics within the three major thematic sections – Cell Biology, Pathophysiology and Clinical Management.

A most complex conference program comprising a total of over 120 symposia and free communication sessions with 960 individual presentations represented the enormous actuality of the scientific information of this congress.

The scientific committee greatly appreciated the fact that numerous prestigious scientific societies and institutions have contributed to the program composition and have been expressing their esteem for this conference project via most supportive cooperation and through endorsing the conference by taking it under its auspices.

Finally, on behalf of the scientific committee I would like to thank the publisher of this proceedings volume – Medimond - Monduzzi Editore International Proceedings Division for their interest, support and work in preparation of this issue.

Eugen Faist, M.D., FACS
Professor of Surgery
LM-University Munich
Klinikum Grosshadern
Congress Chairman of the Scientific Committee

INDEX

Effect of Profound Hypothermia on Immune Activation in a Swine Model of Lethal Hemorrhage
Z. Chen, H. Chen, K. Honma, R. Querol, E. Koustova,
A. Jaskille, N. Ariaban, K. Toruno, P. Rhee and HB. Alam

Effect of Early Hemorrhage Control and Hypertonic Saline Solution Infusion on Tissue Perfusion and Oxygenation Indices
M. Candido, R. Poggetti, B. Fontes and D. Birolini

OPS-imaging of the Intestinal Microcirculation in Neonatal Piglets with LPS-induced Septic Shock
D. Fischer, B. Richter, R.L. Schloesser, A. Theissen and A. Veldman

The Influence of Stimulator of Interferon Synthesis “Cycloferon” on Mucosal Immunity of the Female Genital Tract
O. Galkina, I. Nesterov, A. Kovalenko, E. Ailamasian and A. Totolian

Pyrrolidine Dithiocarbamate Reduced Spinal Cord Trauma in Rats
T. Genovese, S. Cardali, A. Conti, R. Di Paola, and S. Cuzzocrea

Resuscitative Fluid-induced Human Neutrophil Activation Correlates with Changes in Expression of Redox-sensitive Genes
V. Gushchin, H.B. Alam, J.R. Kirkpatrick, P. Rhee and E. Koustova

Fluorescein-labelled Lipoteichoic Acid from Staphylococcus Aureus Exhibits CD14-dependent but TLR-2-independent Binding
R.M. Haston, M. Triantafilou and K. Triantafilou

Effects of Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin (DCLHb) on the Microcirculation of Striated Skin Muscle After Resuscitation From Severe Hemorrhagic Shock
S. Hungerer, D. Nolte, V. Bühren and K. Messmer

Activation of Protease Activated Receptor-1 Influences Inflammatory Cytokine Production in Monocytes
S. Imahara, S. Jelacic, R. Maier and G. O’Keefe

Effect of Resuscitation Strategy on Extracellular Matrix: Choice Between Destruction and Protection
R. Inocencio, H. Chen, H.B. Alam, P. Rhee and E. Koustova

Abnormal Dependence of O2 Consumption on O2 Delivery and Disproportion in Splanchnic Circulation During Endotoxin Shock in Rabbit
T. Irisawa

Hepatic Injury After Hemorrhage and Resuscitation in Rats: Influence of Novel Resuscitation Fluids
A. Jaskille, H.B. Alam, P. Rhee, J. Kirkpatrick and E. Koustova

Surgical Trauma-induced Inflammatory Response and Relative Adrenal Insufficiency
M. Kashiwabara, M. Miyashita, T. Nomura, H. Makino, H. Maruyama, T. Matsutani, M. Katsuta, K. Takahashi, K. Sasajima, K. Yamashita and T. Tajiri

Modulation of the IL-6 Response to Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) by a Tibia Fracture in Rats
M. Maegele, P. Riess, B. Bouillon, M. Brockmann, S. Hess, S. Sauerland, T.K. McIntosh, A. Mautes and E.A.M. Neugebauer

NF-kB in Hyperoxic Cell Injury and Cell Death
L. Mantell, D. Morrow and W. Franek

Reversibility of Aging/Precancerous Changes of Gastric Mucosa: An Interventional Trial
F. Marotta, R. Barretto, H. Tajiri, J. Bertuccelli, P. Safran, H. Fuji and E. Fesce

A Novel Dietary Supplement Improves Inflammatory Changes in an Experimental Influenza-Model: A Clue to Clinical Application
J. Cervi, C. Bater, K. Masulair, F. Marotta, R.A. Valentine, E. Minelli, M. Harada, P. Safran and S.H. Sha

Expression of Toll-like Receptors Regulates the Immune Function in Mice Polymicrobial Peritonitis Model
A. Matsuda, K. Furukawa, H. Suzuki, H. Maruyama, Y. Akiya, T. Matsutani and T. Tajiri

CYFRA 21-1 Levels in Bronchoalveolar Fluid Indicate the Broncho-Epithelial Damage
T. Matsutani, M. Miyashita, K. Sasajima, H. Maruyama, T. Nomura, H. Makino, Y. Tsuchiya, N. Hagiwara, R. Futami, M. Kashiwabara, M. Katsuta, A. Matsuda, K. Takahashi, S. Suzuki, K. Egami and T. Tajiri

The Subcutaneous Mouse Model Represents an Artificial Test System for Drug Screening
A. Parra, I. Funke, K.-W. Jauch and B. Mayer

Relationship Between Plasma Levels of ET-1, MMP-9, sFas, TNFa and IL-8 and Clinical Characteristics of Septic Patients
D. Mikic, M. Cucuz, S. Vasilijic, M. Djokic and M. Colic

Increased Levels of Serum Sulfite in Patients with Acute Pneumonia
H. Mitsuhashi

Comparison of Cytokine Response in Different Mouse Strains and Sepsis Models
E.M. Muchitsch, K. Zimmermann, S. Kubik, H. Schwarz and F. Scheiflinger

CCR1-Deficient Mice Show Enhanced Innate Immune Responses and Are Protected in a CLP Model of Sepsis
T. Ness, K. Carpenter, J. Ewing, C. Hogaboam and S. Kunkel

Effects of Ulinastatin, a Human Trypsin Inhibitor, on Macrophage Mediator Production Induced by Endotoxin
H. Ogawa, S. Ogura, J and A. Cook

Immunoglobulins Alter Phenotype and Function of Macrophages (MF) and May Induce Cell Death
Th.W. Orlikowsky, B. Spring, G.E. Dannecker, J. Bauhammer, M.K. Hoffmann and C.F. Poets

Phenotypic and Functional Characteristics of Rat Inflammatory Dendritic Cells
J. Popovic, D. Savic, D. Vucevic, V. Pavlovic, S. Vasilijic, S. Gasic, I. Majstorovic and M. Colic

AM3 (Inmunoferon®) Decreases CD62L Expression in Human Peripheral Blood Phagocytic Cells
E. Reyes, J.L. Alonso-Lebrero, A. Brieva, A.B. Mallo, J.P. Pivel and M. Alvarez-Mon

Alternative (Non-animal) Method For TNFa Production Test
E. Reyes, J.L. Alonso-Lebrero, A. Brieva, A.B. Mallo, M.D. Valdes-Hevia, J.P. Pivel and M. Alvarez-Mon

Peritoneal Macrophages Inflammatory Acute Response After Carbon Dioxide Insufflation
J.M.S. Rodrigues

CpG ODN Stimulation of Whole Blood Alters Granulocyte Activation and Life Span
R. Smith, T. Chong, M. Hughes, T. Hedrick, K. Du, T. Pruett and R. Sawyer

Epinephrine-Mediated Suppression of Inflammatory Signaling Is Mediated Via PKA-Independent Pathways
K. Staudenmayer, G. O’Keefe and R. Maier

Lactated Ringer’s Does Not Increase Inflammation after Shock
S.I. Brundage, N.A. Zautke, J. Watters, J.A. Stefater, S.R. Todd, J.C. Lam and M.A. Schreiber

Effects of NOS Inhibitors on the Endotoxin Shock of Dogs — In Comparison with Catecholamines —
H. Suga, T. Nakagawa, Y. Soga, Y. Deguchi, T. Terada, T. Ono, T. Suzuki, Y. Imamura and M. Fukuda

Evaluation of Cytokine-related Gene Expression Changes in Lymphocytes After Burn Insult
T. Tarui, A. Murata, R. Yoshie, T. Matsuda, Y. Tomita, T. Wada, A. Wakizaka and S. Shimazaki

Defective Production and effect of IL-18, IL-12, and IFN-g in Cord Blood Cells Influences CD80 and CD86 Expression on Macrophages
L. Tewes, B. Spring, J. Löffler, G.E. Dannecker, Ch.F. Poets,
M.K. Hoffmann and Th.W. Orlikowsky

Changes in Circulating and Cerebrospinal Fluid Cytokines of Patients with Various Central Nervous Diseases and Trauma
Y. Tomita, A. Murata, T. Tarui, T. Matsuda, A. Yamamoto, N. Matsuura and S. Shimazaki

Ozone (O3) Prior To Sepsis Is Pro-inflammatory
A. Torossian, S. Ruehlmann, M. Middeke, W. Lorenz, H. Wulf and A. Bauhofer

Differential Modulation of Toll-Like Receptor Expression and PI3K/Akt Activity in Endothelial Cells by LPS and Glucan
D. Williams, T. Ha, J. Cook, W. Browder, T. Ozment-Skelton and C. Li

The Correlation Between MCP1 and the Arthritis of SLE Among Chinese
D.Q. Ye, Y.S. Hu, X.P. Li, S.G. Yang, J.H. Hao, F. Huang, G.Q. Zhang and X.J. Zhang

Parthenolide, an Inhibitor of NF-kB, Reduces the Inflammatory Response in Hemorrhagic Shock in the Rat
B. Zingarelli, P.W. Hake, T. Burroughs and M. O’Connor

Impaired Mitochondrial Function and Structure in the Liver During Subacute Sepsis
E. Crouser, C. Cook, M. Julian and J. Huff

Different Shapes of LPS Induce the Formation of Different Receptor Clusters
M. Triantafilou, K. Brandenburg, S. Kusumoto, K. Fukase, A. Mackie, U. Seydel and K. Triantafilou

Long-term Immunosuppression in Septic Mice
C. Benjamim, S. Lundy, C. Hogaboam, N. Lukacs and S. Kunkel

Attenuation of TNF-a Production by Immunotolerance but not Thermotolerance is Associated with Survival Benefit in Septic Mice
I. Brennan, J.H. Wang, W.O. Kirwan and H.P. Redmond

Calpain Inhibitor I Reduces Intestinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in the Rat
R. Di Paola, S. Marzocco, G. Autore, E. Mazzon, A. Pinto, A.P. Caputi, C. Thiemmermann and S. Cuzzocrea

Rosiglitazone, a Ligand of the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-Gamma (PPAR-g) Reduces the Development of Non Septic Shock Induced by Zymosan in Mice
S. Cuzzocrea, B. Pisano, L. Dugo, A. Ianaro, N.S.A. Patel, R. Di Paola, T. Genovese, P.K. Chatterjee, F. Fulia, E. Cuzzocrea, M. Di Rosa, A.P. Caputi and C. Thiemermann

Is Research in Splenectomised Dogs Still Prudent?
G. Kemming, J. Messick, G. Enders, W. Mueller and E. Thein

Abdominal Irradiation: A model of Severe Trauma and Inflammation
P. Monti, A. Van der Meeren, J. Wysocki and N.M. Griffiths

Adenoviral Gene Transfer of an NF-kB Super-Repressor Increases Collagen Deposition in Rodent Cutaneous Wound Healing
J. Schreiber, P. Efron, L. Moldawer and A. Barbul

Genetic Risk Factors for the Prognosis of Severely Injured Patients
T. Menges, S.G. Little, A. Bohnert, J. Stricker, K. Weismüller, T. Chakraborty, G. Hempelmann and G. Bein

Multiple Organ Failure in Severely Injured Children
B. Husain, S. Ruchholtz, C. Waydhas and D. Nast-Kolb

Hemodynamically Unstable Pelvis Fractures Continue To Be Life Threatening
W. Smith, M. Shannon, R. Grosskreuz, S. Morgan, E. Moore, J. Moore and R. Franciose

Tissue Management with Fleece-Bound Sealing
R.T. Carbon, A. Schmidt, S. Baar and S. Kriegelstein

Critical Illness Myopathy (CIM): Evidence for a Myotoxic Low-molecular Weight Factor in the Serum of Patients After Severe SIRS
O. Friedrich, E. Hund, W. Hacke and R.H.A. Fink